If a worker in North Carolina is dealing with unsafe conditions, knowing what to document can be the difference between a successful OSHA complaint and one that stalls. It’s not enough to simply report danger — strong evidence helps make a case. When workers understand what hazards to watch for—and what proof to gather—they protect themselves and increase the chance of correction.
The page about unsafe work conditions examples from Johnson & Groninger PLLC helps illustrate what to look for. Below are five of the most commonly cited workplace hazards, and how to properly document each before going to OSHA.
1. Faulty or Poorly Maintained Machinery & Tools
One frequent hazard is equipment that is in disrepair: machines with exposed gears, guardrails missing, or tools that don’t function properly. Workers should take photos or video of:
- Broken safety guards
- Rust, wear, frayed cords or wiring
- Equipment that sparks or sounds abnormal
- Tools being used in makeshift ways because the correct one is broken
Also note date and time, location (department/machine ID if possible), and whether others have complained about the same problem (witnesses).
2. Lack of Proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) or Training
Even if a workplace supplies helmets, gloves, masks, or eye protection, hazards often arise when they’re not used or when workers aren’t trained properly. This includes:
- Missing or damaged PPE
- PPE that doesn’t fit
- Workers unsure how to use it correctly
- Lack of training sessions or documentation of training attendance
Documents to gather: training logs, memos, emails requesting PPE or training; photographs of the unsafe conditions; statements from co‑workers.
3. Slips, Trips, Falls & Blocked Exits
Slippery floors, cluttered walkways, poor lighting, or exits blocked by stored material are frequent unsafe conditions. These hazards can escalate quickly in emergencies. To document:
- Take wide and close-up photos/videos of walkways, spill areas, uneven flooring, stairways, lighting issues.
- Note time of day (lighting issues often get worse at night).
- See if there are policies or past complaints about the same area.
If emergency exits are blocked, document specific items blocking the way, how often it happens, and what signs are posted (or missing).
4. Toxic or Hazardous Chemical Exposure
Many workplaces have chemicals, fumes, dust, or vapors that pose risk when not properly handled. Hazards include fumes without ventilation, improperly labeled containers, missing SDS (Safety Data Sheets), or workers not using respirators when required. To document:
- Photos of containers, labeling, storage conditions
- Records or access to SDS sheets (if the worker asks and is denied, that in itself is evidence)
- Records of ventilation or air work area conditions
- Medical complaints or symptoms (e.g. coughing, headaches, burning eyes)
5. Extreme Environments, Noise, Temperature, Ergonomics
Environments that are too hot, cold, loud, or require repetitive strain (lifting, awkward posture) can cause cumulative damage. These are often overlooked until injury or illness sets in. For documentation:
- Sound level readings if possible
- Temperature logs if workplace has extreme heat/cold or workplace isn’t climate‑controlled
- Photos showing workstation setup, posture, weight of items being lifted manually
- Medical notes, doctor visits or physical therapy records showing strain
How to Document Effectively for OSHA
Gathering the proof is only half the task. Doing it right matters. Here are best practices:
- Take clear photos and videos with date/time stamps
- Maintain a written or typed diary/log: When was the hazard observed, how long it has been present, how frequently, and what happened (if anything)
- Obtain witness statements: Co‑workers or supervisors who saw the hazard or were exposed, with their contact info
- Save any employer memos, emails, or notices about the issue (requests for repair, supply of equipment, etc.)
- Preserve medical records if there’s injury or illness—labs, doctor’s notes, treatment plans
When It’s Time to File an OSHA Complaint
After gathering documentation, a worker should:
- First report internally (to supervisor, safety officer, HR). Document that report (who, when, what).
- If no response or remedy, escalate to OSHA. OSHA allows filing complaints in various forms (online, phone, mail). This starts official review.
- Keep copies of everything submitted to OSHA. Follow up in writing.
OSHA has rules protecting workers from retaliation if they report unsafe conditions in good faith.
Why These Steps Matter
Proper documentation shows OSHA or a court a pattern and seriousness of the hazard—it transforms “he said, she said” into documented evidence. Employers, insurers, and regulators take better notice when there are photos, written logs, and corroborating statements. That can lead to faster fixes, or stronger claims if injuries result.
Also, well‑documented unsafe conditions can support other legal claims or workers’ compensation claims later. Missed documentation early can be hard or impossible to recreate.
If someone works under hazardous conditions and doesn’t know how to begin, reviewing unsafe work conditions examples and knowing what evidence to collect is a powerful first step. Having strong documentation from the start improves the chance that OSHA will take action, that repairs will happen, or that injured workers can recover the support and compensation they deserve.